| Author(s) |
William G. Webster, PhD |
| Volume | 22 |
| Number | 4 |
| Year | 1998 |
| Page(s) | 220-231 |
| Language | English |
| Category | |
| Keywords |
stuttering speech motor control brain model clinical stutter |
| Abstract |
A theoretical model of the brain mechanisms associated with stuttering is described together with the research on which it is based. The two factors of the model, each of which appears to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for stuttering, are an inefficient supplementary motor area, which is unusually susceptible to interference from other ongoing neural activities, and a labile system of hemispheric activation, which results in periodic over-activation of the right hemisphere. It is suggested that paralleling these two hypothesized anomalies are the approaches that characterize most contemporary stuttering treatment programs: Modification of speech or stuttering behaviour, and modification of attitudes and responses related to apprehension and avoidance of social and speaking situations. These latter are an integral part of the stuttering experience and if not dealt with, interfere with using fluency skills in everyday speaking situations. It is suggested that the model provides a rationale and validation for contemporary approaches to the treatment of stuttering, and has heuristic value for clients attempting to understand their stuttering and acquiring and using fluency and cognitive/behavioural skills to manage their speech. On décrit un modèle théorique des mécanismes cérébraux associés au bégaiement ainsi que la recherche sous-jacente. Les deux facteurs du modèle, chacun pouvant représenter une condition nécessaire mais non suffisante au bégaiement, sont une zone motrice supplémentaire inefficace, et exceptionnellement susceptible à l’interférence d’autres activités neurales continues, et un système labile d’activation hémisphérique, ce qui produit une suractivation périodique de l’hémisphère droit. Il est proposé que les méthodes caractérisant la plupart des programmes contemporains de traitement du bégaiement parallélisent ces deux anomalies hypothétiques : modification de la parole ou du bégaiement, et modification des attitudes et réactions associées à l’appréhension et à l’évitement de situations sociales et du parler en public. Ces dernières font intégralement partie de l’expérience du bégaiement et, si elles ne sont pas corrigées, nuisent à l’usage d’aptitudes de fluidité dans les situations locutrices communes. Il est suggéré que le modèle explique et valide les méthodes contemporaines de traitement du bégaiement, et qu’il présente une valeur heuristique pour les clients souhaitant, d’une part, comprendre leur bégaiement et, d’autre part, acquérir et utiliser la fluidité et des aptitudes cognitives ou comportementales leur permettant de contrôler la parole. |
| Record ID | 91 |
| Link | https://cjslpa.ca/files/1998_JSLPA_Vol_22/No_04_206-285/Webster_JSLPA_1998.pdf |
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